Types of Flu Viruses

While the flu is one of the most common illnesses around, not many people can clearly define it. You can blame their confusion on the fact there are many types, subtypes, and strains of the illness. While the flu might not usually count as a serious health condition, many flu viruses can easily lead to a global pandemic. Different types of flu viruses are named using alpha-numeric labels that are based on the origin, subtype, and strains of the virus.

Understanding the different flu viruses

Three different flu viruses, “A, B, and C,” cause the seasonal flu known as influenza. A fourth virus termed D can also lead to it if it is transferred from an animal to a person. The seasonal flu typically causes illnesses for a few months each year. Flu season varies in different parts of the world, based on factors like the local climate. In the U.S., flu season starts in October and ends in April. Let’s take a look at the different types of flu viruses to get a better understanding of what separates them from other viruses.

Influenza A

The type A influenza virus is the cause of most seasonal flu cases, and it is typically responsible for the most severe cases. The virus can be found in humans and animals. It is usually spread by person-to-person contact. It can also be spread by touching surfaces that an infected person has contacted, like doorknobs, phones, and faucets. It can also be transferred by breathing in air that an infected person has contaminated.

There are many strains and subtypes of the type A virus, and over 131 variations have been identified. The virus mutates rapidly, making it challenging to create effective treatments. A type-A infection can last for up to two weeks before going away.

Influenza B

The type B flu virus is mainly found in humans. It can lead to a severe infection, but most cases are not as severe as the illness caused by the type A virus. It is not as contagious as the type A virus, but it can still lead to epidemics.

Influenza C

The type C virus only affects humans, and it is typically milder than the A and B viruses. It often leads to mild respiratory issues. Those infected with it often have symptoms similar to those of the common cold. This virus typically goes away within three to five days. It can last longer in people with compromised immune systems.

Influenza D

This virus is found in cattle and swine worldwide. So far, there have not been any cases of the virus being transferred from an animal to a human. However, scientists do think that there is a chance that a jump could occur at some point in the future.